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Powder Dustiness
Dustiness is defined as the tendency of powdered materials to release airborne particles under external energies.〔Evans DE, Turkevich LA, Roettgers CT, Deye GJ, Baron PA.. ''Dustiness of Fine and Nanoscale Powders''. Ann Occup Hyg. 2013 Mar;57(2):261-77. . Epub 2012 Oct 12.〕 Dusty materials tend to generate aerosols with high particle concentrations measured in number or in mass.
The dusty level of powders directly affects worker exposure scenarios and associated health risks in occupational settings. Powder-based aerosol particles can pose advert effects when deposited in human respirotary systems via inhalation.〔Book: (''Pulmonary Deposition and Retention of Inhaled Aerosols'' ). Theodore F. Hatch, Paul Gross and George D. Clayton. ISBN 978-1-4832-5671-9.〕
Various laboratory systems have been developed to test dustiness of fine powders. A European standard on dustiness testing has been established by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) since April 2006.〔GÖRAN LIDÉN. ''Dustiness Testing of Materials Handled at Workplaces''. Ann Occup Hyg (2006) 50 (5): 437-439. .〕 This standard is especially related to human exposure in workplace (EN 15051). It describes two methods: the rotating drum system and continuous drop system.〔Schneider T., Jensen KA. ''Combined single-drop and rotating drum dustiness test of fine to nanosize powders using a small drum''. Ann Occup Hyg. 2008 Jan;52(1):23-34. Epub 2007 Dec 1. 〕 Recently, an aerosol generation system based on laboratory funnel (resembling a fluidized bed) has been developed, which has the potential to become an alternative or supplementary method to the existing systems in dustiness testing.〔Yaobo Ding, Michael Riediker. ''A system to assess the stability of airborne nanoparticle agglomerates under aerodynamic shear''. Journal of Aerosol Science, Volume 88, October 2015, Pages 98–108. 〕 Its performance was compared to other three aerosolization systems using the same test materials.〔Yaobo Ding, Burkhard Stahlmecke, Araceli Sánchez Jiménez, Ilse L. Tuinman, Heinz Kaminski, Thomas A. J. Kuhlbusch, Martie van Tongeren & Michael Riediker (2015) ''Dustiness and Deagglomeration Testing: Interlaboratory Comparison of Systems for Nanoparticle Powders'', Aerosol Science and Technology, 49:12, 1222-1231, 〕
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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